Cognos Interview Questions and Answers

Cognos is an IBM reporting tool which is used for reporting and analysis of various data from different data warehouse.

BI is a broad category of application programs and technology used for query, by which we can do the reporting and analyzing the business multi dimensionally.

Report item is defined as a query item which can be dragged and dropped into a work area.

It is used to restrict the data displayed on the Report. Model filter are reusable

Cardinality is defined as relationships between the tables. Following are relationship formed between the tables.

• One to One
• One to Many
• Many to Many
• Many to One

Following are the components of Report Net:

• Framework manager
• Cognos connection
• Query Studio
• Report Studio

• Models
• Namespace
• Data source
• Parameter Map
• Packages
• Folder
• Query Subject
• Query Item
• Relationship

If any dimension will be connected with multiple fact tables then it is called confirmed dimension.

It can be done in the Run Metadata Wizard.

First of all Go to Run Metadata Wizard–>Select another database ( ex. suppose SQL Server is choose in prior attempt, then you can choose Oracle as new data source). At the last import it.

Drill through reporting is used to link from one report to another report. It has parent and child relationship between the reports.

Macro is used to run set of instructions to execute the report but prompt provide a way to change the report dynamically.

A one too many join links to a table which answer with another one to many join links is known as fan trap.

Cube is set to be multi-dimensional view of dimension and measures and it is used to analyze the data in various forms like Slicing and Dicing.

Size of the cube is 2.0GB and size varies depends on the project.

A snapshot is created to copy the exact data that is related to current report and compare with another report.

Example: Data of this week compared with previous week

Following are the components of Report Studio:

• Objects panel
• Properties panel
• Explorer bar
• Report Viewer

Data mining is the process of getting hidden trends from a data ware house.

Following are the different types of prompt in Cognos:

• Value prompt
• Text Prompt
• Date prompt
• Time prompt
• Date and time prompt

Transformer is used for making the Cubes which is for the Multidimensional structure on OLAP processing.

A catalog is defined as a file which contains information on Database tables and Impromptu users can create reports.

Following are the types of catalog used:

• Personal
• Distributed
• Shared
• Secured

No, it is not possible to join multiple databases in a catalog and it can be achieved by Hotfile.

A Cognos Impromptu is set to be a tool which is used for the generation of business intelligence reports.

Query items are the most important object in framework manager and it has a lot of properties associated with it. This is mainly used for reporting and business intelligence.

All of the following criteria must be met in order to have what is considered to be a durable model:

• There is a design language created for the model that is not the same as the locales the users can choose from. For English, the design language is typically English(Zimbabwe).
• The design language name of all namespaces, query subjects, and query items that are published in a package must never change after the package is initially published. Other language names can change as needed, though.
• The structure of a published package’s namespace(s), query subjects, query items, dimensions, shortcuts, etc, must not change over time. This structure is stored in a specification’s definition, along with the design language’s names, so this is the reason these must not change.
• In IBM Cognos 8.4.1 the element must exist in model.xml. In IBM Cognos 10 the project level property Use Design Locale for Reference ID must be set to true.

In IBM Cognos Framework Manager, security is a way of restricting access to metadata and data across IBM Cognos products.

There are different types of security in Framework Manager:

Data Security: You create a security filter and apply it to a specific query subject. The filter controls the data that is shown to your users when they set up their reports.

Object Security: You secure an object directly by allowing users access to the object, denying users access to the object, or keeping it hidden from all users.

Following are the advantages of Cognos:

• Planning
• Analysis
• Forecasting
• Scorecard

Following are the types of Indexes in Cognos:

• Bitmap index
• B-tree index
• Function based index
• Reverse key and composite index

Query studio is one of the studios in Cognos which is used to perform Adhoc queries.

There are three main types of folders and they are listed below:

• Standard folder
• Package folder
• Metrics folder

The drill across executes queries with the help of more than one cube.

There are two types of hierarchies:

• Attribute hierarchies
• User defined hierarchies

Cognos decision stream is set to be a tool which is used for extracting, transforming the data from different data sources to target data source.

The three important fundamental themes are:

• Drilling Down
• Drilling Across
• Handling Time

Drill down is addition of grouping columns from the dimension tables whereas drill up is removing grouping columns from the dimension tables.

There are two shortcuts – Local and Global.

Local is used for the local repository and Global for global repository. Advantage is to reuse an object instead of creating multiple objects.

A materialized view is a view which is physically stored in a database. This view is used to increase query performance by calculating costly operations.

Pivot is used to rotate the axis of the cube to provide a different presentation on the data.

The slice is used to perform the operation on one dimension of a cube and it is results in a sub-cube.

IBM Cognos Controller is part of an integrated Financial Close Management (FCM) solution, built on an efficient, purpose-built platform. It helps you deliver complete financial results, create financial and management reports, and provide the CFO with an enterprise view of key ratios and metrics.

Flexible enterprise software for planning, budgeting, forecasting and analysis. IBM Cognos Planning enables you to develop plans, budgets and forecasts faster and more efficiently. Cognos Planning lets you create, compare and evaluate business scenarios.

Frame manager is a tool, which is used to develop end user layer and it can be used by Authors to build their own BI objects.

Metrics Designer is a tool which is used to model, deploy score cards and data loading procedures.

Cognos Configuration is a BI administrative tool which is used to define the behavior of Cognos 8 version. This will manage configuration parameters.

A bitmap index is used for replacement of list of rowids for each key value. This index is mainly efficient for data warehousing as it has low cardinality and low updates.

A folder consists of repository objects like sources, targets, transformation and mapping that help to organize data warehouse.

A data store is nothing but a query database or a relational database or files that can be accessed through IBM Cognos.

A Query subject is a set of query items that have inherent relationship and it is basic building block on framework manager.

Following are the types of report in Cognos:

• Blank report
• List report
• Cross report
• Chart report
• Repeater report

There are two types of framework manager and they are as follows:

• Presentation layer
• Physical layer

Following are the types of Prompt used in Cognos:

• Value
• Textbox
• Select and search
• Date
• Time
• Date and time
• Interval
• Generated
• Prompt button

Dimension is defined as structure of a cube. A dimension should have at least one key attribute and remaining attribute can define hierarchies.

A new Dynamic Query Processing Mode (DQM) to the existing query service designed to improve query performance.

Enhanced Java-based query execution mode introduced in 10.1 to support select OLAP sources

Leverages JDBC access to supported data sources

Following is the list of gateway used in Cognos:

• Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
• Internet Service Application Interface (ISAPI)
• Tomcat Server

Determinants Feature first introduced in Cognos 8 used to provide control over granularity when aggregating

Reflects granularity by identifying groups or subsets of data in a query subject

Used to ensure that repeating data is aggregated correctly

Are set during import based on unique key and index information in a database

Used by Framework Manager to determine levels in default hierarchy when auto-generating regular dimensions from query subjects

Cognos powerplay is nothing but a multidimensional on-line analysis of data.

The orchestration is achieved with message flows in IBM Integration Bus.

The following activities can be tied together:

Acquiring and storing data

Aggregating data

Running predictive models

Feeding data back to external systems or starting external processes

Message flows are supplied with IBM Predictive Maintenance and Quality and must be customized with IBM Integration Bus. The message flows are organized into the following applications:

PMQEventLoad

PMQMasterDataLoad

PMQMaximoOutboundIntegration

PMQMaintenance

PMQModelTraining

PMQQEWSInspection

PMQQEWSIntegration

PMQQEWSWarranty

PMQTopNFailure

There are five types of studio are:

• Query Studio
• Metrics Studio
• Analysis Studio
• Report Studio
• Event Studio

All new content developed with IBM Cognos BI will be durable, as long as the model is durable. Existing non-durable content can be made durable by appropriately replacing the non-durable components of those specifications with durable components. Existing content is generally made durable over time as the content gets updated for reasons other than durability

Loop joins in the model are typically a source of unpredictable behavior. This does not include star schema loop joins.

When cardinality clearly identifies facts and dimensions, IBM Cognos software can automatically resolve loop joins that are caused by star schema data when you have multiple fact tables joined to a common set of dimension tables.

In the case of loop joins, ambiguously defined query subjects are the primary sign of problems. When query subjects are ambiguously defined and are part of a loop join, the joins used in a given query are decided based on a number of factors, such as the location of relationships, the number of segments in join paths, and, if all else is equal, the alphabetically first join path. This creates confusion for your users and we recommend that you model to clearly identify the join paths.